Which artery branches from the internal carotid artery and supplies blood to the optic tract and choroid plexus?

The anterior choroidal artery branches from the internal carotid artery and is specifically responsible for supplying blood to critical structures in the brain, including the optic tract and the choroid plexus. The optic tract is involved in visual processing, while the choroid plexus plays a key role in the production of cerebrospinal fluid. This artery is essential for maintaining the health and function of these areas, making it integral to neurological and visual functions.

In contrast, the basilar artery primarily supplies blood to the posterior circulation of the brain, including the brainstem and cerebellum. The posterior cerebral artery branches from the basilar artery and supplies regions of the occipital lobe and the inferior surface of the temporal lobe, but it does not supply the optic tract or choroid plexus. The vertebral artery, which joins with the other vertebral artery to form the basilar artery, primarily supplies the posterior aspect of the brain and the brainstem, and is also not directly involved in supplying the optic tract or choroid plexus.

Thus, the anterior choroidal artery's specific connection to the internal carotid artery and its role in supplying these important CNS structures clearly identify it as the correct choice.